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Missa L'homme armé super voces musicales
The ''Missa L'homme armé super voces musicales'' is the first of two settings of the Ordinary of the Mass by Josquin des Prez using the famous ''L'homme armé'' tune as their cantus firmus source material (for the other, presumed later, setting see Missa ''L'homme armé'' sexti toni).〔An extensive listing of sources and critical commentary on Masses based on the ''L'homme armé'' tune, created as part of a Spring 2002 seminar by Mary Kay Duggan at the University of California, Berkely, is available at (Reform and music: 1450–1600 ) (accessed 2008-03-18).〕 The setting is for four voices. It was the most famous mass Josquin composed, surviving in numerous manuscripts and print editions.〔Blackburn, in Sherr, p. 53〕 The earliest printed collection of music devoted to a single composer, the ''Misse Josquin'' published by Ottaviano Petrucci in 1502, begins with this famous work.
==Background==
Dating of the mass has been controversial, with some scholars proposing a mid-career date, for example during Josquin's Roman period (roughly 1489 to 1495), and other scholars, such as Gustave Reese, arguing for an earlier date, claiming that the contrapuntal complexity the mass shows is more typical of Josquin's early style, and that he simplified his method as he aged.〔Reese, p. 237〕 The earliest source containing the mass is the Vatican manuscript CS 197 (c. 1492–1495)〔Blackburn, p. 65〕 In his 1547 ''Dodekachordon'', Heinrich Glarean wrote that Josquin "composed the two L'homme armé masses to show off his skill."〔Blackburn, p. 65: the Latin original, on p. 441 of the ''Dodekachordon'' (Basle, 1547), reads "Ad ostentationem autem artis haud dubie duas illas Missas instituit L'homme arme."〕
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